Locomotive draft appliance



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' LOCOMOTIVE DRAFT APPLIANCE Filed April 12, 1954 I 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR.

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Sew. H, 135. w. T. RAY

LOCOMOTIV-E DRAFT APPLIANCE Filed April 12, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 "i 1 11 am T. HEB

Patented Sept. 17, 1935 UNITED STATE raiser F'EENT OFFICE 4 Claims.

This invention relates to locomotive draft appliances and more particularly to a novel deflector for association with the exhaust nozzles of locomotives.

The principal object of the invention is to pro vide such a device which will reduce the back pressure or resistance to movement of the exhaust steam from the locomotive cylinder.

Another object is to provide a deflector which will permit the use of exhaust nozzles having larger openings than those in common use, yet may be easily attached to standard locomotive equipment.

A further important object is to provide a deflector which will induce the exhaust steam issuing from the nozzle tip to take a spiral path upwardly thru the stack, completely filling the stack and preventing the undesirable downward flow of air around the inside of the same.

Another object is to provide a deflector having the desirable characteristics as described yet which will not cause a grinding on the part of the products of combustion upon the smoke stack.

Another object is to provide a deflector having novel means to attach it to an exhaust nozzle of a locomotive, the means being applicable to attach other devices to the exhaust nozzle at will. Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent during the course of the following detailed description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification and in which drawings:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of a locomotiveequipped with the improved deflector,

parts being broken away to better illustrate portions of the construction.

Figure 2 is a view substantially on the line 2--2 of Figure 3. i v

Figure 3 is a top plan View of the novel deflector as installed.

Figure 4 is a side elevation of the same disasseciated from the locomotive.

Figure 5 is abottom plan view of the deflector as in Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a vertical section thru an exhaust nozzle and a conventional nozzle plug showing application thereto of a portion of the novel deflector assembly. A

In the drawings, wherein for the purpose of illustration is shown only a preferred embodiment of the invention and wherein similar reference characters designate corresponding parts thruout the several views, the letter A designates generally'a conventional locomotive having .flues or smoke tubes B opening into a smoke box C from which a smoke stack D leads to the open air, cylinder E and associated steam chest F exteriorly of the locomotive, exhaust nozzle G with tip H therefor, steam pipe J leading to the steam chest F, baffle diaphragm K, deflector screen L and inside stack M, axially aligning with the smoke stack D, exhaust nozzle G and tip H, the portions G to M inclusive being within the smoke box C. A conventional nozzle plug is shown at N in Figure 6 while the novel deflector is designated as O and its associated securing means as P.

The elements described as A to N are of standard construction and well known in the art. However, so that the invention may be better understood, portions of the exhaust nozzle G and tip I-I will be described. The exhaust nozzle G is provided with a central bore or steam passageway it and a peripheral flange I l disposed at the upper end l2 of the exhaust nozzle and having a 20 plurality of spaced apart perforations It, usually numbering four. The central bore it may be of conventional size or, if preferred, somewhat larger in diameter than those ordinarily provided.

Carried upon the upper surface of the flange 25 H is the nozzle tip H which also has a central bore or passageway i l to axially align with the bore in and a circumferential chamber it from which relatively small diametered passageways it lead upwardly thru small blower nozzles ll to points exteriorly of the tip H. It is well known in the art that this chamber is is connected to a blower pipe it so that steam can be admitted directly from the locomotive boiler for the purpose of creating a draft when the locomotive is standing or working slowly. Ordinarily, the tip H, which is provided with a peripheral flange l8 having a plurality of bolt perforations l9 aligning with the perforations i3, is secured to the nozzle G by conventional bolts and nuts. be noted that these blower nozzles l! are spaced apart and arranged in a circle outwardly of the bore it so that a flat seat 26 extends from the l? to the mouth of the It will 40 perforations l3 and IS. The tapered plug body 25 is adapted to fit snugly within the bore [4 and project outwardly therefrom. More, relative to this device, will be said later.

Now as for the novel deflector O, the same includes a plate or body portion 33 preferably square as viewed from its upper face 3! or lower face 32 and relatively thin as compared, in Figure 4, with the faces disclosed in Figures 3 or 5. This plate portion 36 has a central, preferably circular opening 33, extending from the upper face 3i to the lower face 32, the circumference of this opening being substantially that of the upper extremity of the bore M. Depending from the lower face 32 and extending about the opening 33 is a narrow collar 34.

Projecting radially into the opening 33 are a plurality of deflector portions or elements 35 01' novel shape. Preferably four of these are provided and equally spaced apart about the opening. Each deflector portion 35 has an upper face 36 substantially level with the face 3 l, a side face 31 extending parallel to the axis of the opening 33 or forming a right angle with the face 35 and a second side face 38 forming an acute angle with the side face 31, and the edge formed by the juncture of the faces 3'! and 38 extends substantially horizontally or normal to the axis of the opening 33as shown in Figures 2 and 4 and the latter feature as shown in Figure 2. The end faces 39 of each pair of deflector portions 35 preferably face each other. It will be noted, particularly in Figures 2 and 4, that these deflector portions 35 are very thin, have a horizontally'disposed edge, and that they project with this edge 'or, in other words, the 'apices of the acutetangles lowermost while they extend beyond the face 32 and collar 34 consequently there are provided end faces '40 opposite the end faces 39 which l'forrner contact with the wall of the bore 14 and tend to prevent transverse movement of the deflector 0. 'So that the stream of fluid, such as steam, issuing from the exhaust nozzle G and from the mouth of the 'deflectorO will take a truly spiral path, rather than be split up into a number of streams as are induced by wedgeshaped or triangular-shaped deflectors, each deflector portion 35 of the novel deflector provided is so disposed that its one sloping side face 38 faces a vertical side face 31 of the next adjacent deflector portion 35. It is also apparent from Figures 2 and 3 that no undesirable check or slowing up 'of the fluid is caused, as is found to be the case where deflectors bridge the mouth of :the nozzle tip H or partition off a portion of the tip by spiralling partitions. Such impede greatly the flow of fluid, create a back pressure, and

cause a grinding off of the material comprising the smoke stack.

Spaced outwardly-of thecentral opening .33 and collar .34 may be .a plurality of spaced apart perforations i'i extending from the face 3! to the face 32 and so disposed andof suchacircumferonce as to snugly accommodate the blower nozzles l'l.

Preferably adjacent each corner of the plate portion 30 is a perforation '42 each of which axially aligns witha perforation i3 and IS. The deflector 0 is preferably of one piece steel construction.

As for the securing-means P, the same includes a plurality-of key bolts 45, one of each disposed within-the perforations 42 and of a length to extend, with their reduced and screw threaded portions 46, thru the perforations l3 and i3 and upwardly thru and beyond the perforations 42. These bolts have suitable slots 47 adjacent their upper ends to accommodate suitable keys or wedges 48 which latter may carry cotter pins 49 in selected perforations 56 adjacent the smaller ends of the keys. Nuts 55 are provided for the reduced screw threaded portions 46 of the bolts 45. Thus a convenient means is provided to attach the deflector O at the mouth of the nozzle tip H utilizing however, the flanges of the nozzle G and tip H, which are relatively remote from the mouth of the nozzle tip, as shown in Figure 2.

It is seen that in attaching the novel deflector 0, all that is required is to remove the conventional short bolts and nuts referred to and substitute therefor the means P. The deflector 0 may be placed over. the end of the nozzle tip H and resting upon the seat 23, with the depending ends of the deflector portions 35 within the central openings l4 and the blower nozzles 11 extending into the perforations H. The key bolts are now slipped into the corner portions 42 with their reduced portions 46 extending 'thru the perforations l3 and H, the keys 48 are inserted into the slots 47 until they are in frictional contact with the face 3! of the deflector portion 30, and now, by tightening up on the nuts 51,;the'assembly may be securely coupled .togetherasshown in Figure 2. The cotter pins '49, of course, prevent accidental displacement-of the wedges. The face 3.2 of the deflector plate, in contact with thexscat 20 prevents steam from finding its way from the bore 14 into the perforations accommodating the blower nozzles l1.

From Figure 6, it may be seen that'with the addition of the sleeves 68, a device such as the plug N may be attached to the exhaust nozzle :01

tip H by removing the deflector O and utilizing the same securing means P.

As shown in Figure *1, the products *of combustion issuing from the smoke tubes B and circulating thru the smoke box 0, as is well known, :are induced to take :a spiral path thru both the inside smoke stack -M-8.SW811:-3.S the smoke stack 13, substantially from "the very inner end :of the former, the steam :taking a decidedly spiral path calculated to "effect this movement :of the products of combustion.

Various changes :may be made to the form of invention herein shown and described, without departing from the spirit -of the invention for the scope .of the claims.

Whatis claimed is:

1. hi asteam deflector for asseciation-with-the mouth of a conventional 'locomotive'exh'aust :n'ozzle, a;pla-te portion I-having an upperrand a :lower face, a central opening extending from said upper .to saidilower face and a;plurali:ty-of'-spaoedapart deflector portions extending radially into said mouth, each of said deflector portions havingone flat side face extending in substantially the same direction as the axis .of said opening anda-secsaid lupper .to said lower face and a plurality of spaced apart deflector portions extending ladially into said central opening, each of said deflector portions having one flat side face extending in the same direction as the axis of said opening and a second side face forming an acute angle with said first named face, the sloping face of one deflector portion being nearest the flat face of the next adjacent deflector portion and the apex of each of said angles extending away from said upper face and being below said lower face.

3. In a fluid deflector for association with the mouth of a conventional locomotive exhaust nozzle, said nozzle having a central bore and a plurality of blower nozzles extending beyond said bore, all opening upwardly, a plate portion having a central opening adapted to align axially with said'bore and a plurality of openings accommodating said nozzles, and means causing a spiral flow of fluid from said deflector including a plurality of spaced apart fluid deflector portions extending into said central opening.

4. In a steam deflector for association with the mouth of a conventional locomotive exhaust nozzle, a body portion having upper and lower faces, a central opening extending from one face to the other and a plurality of spaced apart deflector portions extending radially from said body portion into said opening and into said mouth, each of said deflector portions having at least one flat side face extending in the same direction as the axis of said opening and a second side face meeting said first side face and forming an angle therewith, the juncture of said side faces providing an edge extending in a line normal to the axis of said opening.

WILLIAM T. RAY. 

